Organic Farming of France bean (French bean): Varieties, Care and Production
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Organic Farming of France bean (French bean): Varieties, Care and Production
Among the diseases of Frenchbean crop, the main ones are root rot and blight, black spot, angular spot of leaves, flowery leaf spot, crown rot, bacterial blight and mosaic etc.
Organic farming of Frenchbean can prove to be a boon for its producers. Because it is a double benefit crop. Its green beans are used as vegetables while ripe grains are used for pulses and Frenchbeans mainly contain water, protein, some amount of fat and calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C etc. Are there. It is the main source of Vitamin B-2. It is very beneficial for heart patients.
Suitable climate for organic farming of Francebean:
Francebean (Frenchbean) requires mild warm climate. Its successful production requires a temperature of 18 to 21 degrees Celsius. More cold and heat, both for this. Are harmful. For this, 3 continuous months of favorable weather are required.
Selection of land for organic farming of Frenchbean:
For successful organic farming of Frenchbean, sandy to heavy clay soil whose pH level is 5.5 to 6 and in which organic carbon is more than one percent, is suitable for its cultivation. Is. Soil testing is necessary once a year to check the pH level of soil, the amount of organic carbon, secondary nutrients (NPK), micronutrients and the effect of microorganisms in the field.
Field preparation for organic cultivation of Frenchbeans
For good yield from organic farming of French bean, if the organic carbon content is less than one percent, then 25 to 30 tonnes per hectare of well-rotted cow dung should be used in the main field and the manure should be mixed well. For this, the field should be plowed 2 to 3 times. A safety strip should be maintained between the certified organic farm and the non-organic farm, which should be at a distance of about 7 to 10 meters from the non-organic farm, so that the entry of prohibited materials into the certified organic farm can be prevented.
Approved varieties for organic cultivation of French bean: For organic cultivation of French bean, producers should use organic certified seeds along with selection of prevalent and high yielding varieties of their area. Some popular varieties are as follows-
Dwarf varieties: Katander, Pusa Parvati, VL Boney-1, Kashi Param, Kashi Sampann, Kashi Rajhans, Arko Suvidha, Pant Anupama, Premier and Arka Komal etc. are prominent.
Bellwood species: Pusa hemlata, Swarn Lata, SVM-1, Lakshmi (P- 37) and Kentucky Wonder etc. are prominent. Sowing time for organic farming of French bean.
Plains area: October 25 to November 10 is the right time. Lower hilly areas – February to March and August to September are the best times.
Central Hilly Region: March to July is the best time.
High mountain areas: April to June is the best time.
Seed quantity for organic cultivation of French bean
Seeding rates vary according to seed size. For organic farming of Frenchbean, the seed quantity of dwarf varieties is 75 to 80 kg per hectare, while for vine varieties, the seed rate of 30 to 40 kg per hectare is considered sufficient.
Sowing interval for organic farming of French bean
For organic farming of French bean, dwarf varieties are generally sown at a distance of 45 cm from row to row and the distance from plant to plant in the row is kept at 15 cm. For vine varieties, the row to row distance is kept at 90 centimeters and the plant to plant distance in the row is kept at 15 to 20 centimeters.
Seed treatment for organic cultivation of French bean
To control fungal diseases for organic production of Frenchbean, seeds should be treated with Trichoderma at the rate of 4 grams per kilogram of seed for 24 hours before sowing. If the crop is being grown for the first time, then the seed should be treated with Rhizobium culture at the rate of 600 grams per hectare.
Jaggery or rice porridge can be used to adhere the culture to the seeds. Dry the treated seeds in shade for 15 to 30 minutes before sowing. In hilly areas, it is better to grow seeds in rows or beds and in plain areas, it is better to grow seeds on the sides of ridges.
Quantity of fertilizer for organic farming of French bean:
Before planting of French bean, supplementary crops should be grown for 2 months. Before this, growing legume crops as a supplementary subsidiary crop should be avoided, because it is mostly very close to French bean and related pests and diseases. Maize and grain crops are excellent follower crops and the crop residue can be plowed up as green manure. This is beneficial because it makes nitrogen available to the plants, otherwise it would dissolve in the soil and wash away.
While preparing the land for cultivation, well decomposed and abundant compost or farm yard manure 20 tonnes per hectare should be used. Abundance of compost: One kilogram of bio-fertilizer, Azospirolium, Phosphobacteria and Rhizobium each should be used with one ton of cow dung manure and it should be covered with straw or leaves for 2 weeks. Sprinkle water regularly and collect every 10 days.
After two weeks, mix this mixture with compost or FYM in a balanced quantity of 20 tonnes and use the entire 20 tonnes while preparing the land. Use 8 percent oil with 250 kg of neem cake. For phosphate nutrition, rock phosphate or bone meal should be used along with phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Panchagavya should be used at least 3 times as a supplementary nutrient to accelerate crop growth.
organic crop of Frenchbean : Irrigation management
Irrigation should be done immediately after sowing, on the third day and later once a week. Irrigation is beneficial at the time of flowering and development of pods. Lack of moisture or excessive transpiration due to lack of water can cause the pod buds to become deformed or become mushy.
Weed management in organic French bean crop
Weeding work should be done 20 to 25 days and 40 to 45 days after sowing. Every time after removing weeds, soil should be applied to the plants. For vining varieties, wood 5 to 6 feet high should be planted near each plant and the vine should be allowed to climb it.
Care of organic French bean crop
To get good yield from organic farming of French bean, it is necessary to prevent damage caused by diseases and pests. Among the diseases of French bean crop, the main ones are root rot and blight, black spot, angular spot of leaves, flowery leaf spot, crown rot, bacterial blight and mosaic etc.
Whereas among the insects, mite, white fly, bean bug and termite are prominent. By controlling nematodes along with biological prevention of all these, French bean producers can get good yield.
Harvesting and storage of organic French bean crop
After completion of flowering period the pods are ready for harvesting in a period of 2 to 3 weeks. In the case of bush beans, the pods are ready after 50 to 60 days of planting, whereas in the case of pole beans, they become ready for plucking after 70 to 80 days. Store the product in a ventilated room in the shade.
Yield from organic farming of French bean
The yield from organic cultivation of French bean depends on variety selection, organic seed treatment, use of organic fertilizers and crop care. But generally, if cultivated using the above advanced technology, the average yield is 9 to 11 tonnes of green pods per hectare in 90 to 100 days.
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